PRETERM BIRTH: RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION METHODS

Abstract

Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It poses significant challenges to healthcare systems and families, often resulting in long-term health complications for the infant. This article explores the risk factors associated with preterm birth, including maternal, fetal, and environmental factors, and discusses evidence-based prevention methods. Strategies such as progesterone supplementation, cervical cerclage, and lifestyle modifications are reviewed. The importance of early identification and intervention in high-risk pregnancies is emphasized to reduce the incidence of preterm birth and improve neonatal outcomes